Policy Options for Improved Use of Emerging Technologies for Aviation Security in Nigeria

Emerging technologies are increasingly shaping aviation security through biometric identification, Artificial Intelligence (AI), advanced screening systems, automated surveillance, digital identity and passenger-information platforms. Their effective utilisation, however, depends on appropriate policies governing procurement, deployment, infrastructure, interoperability, cybersecurity, data protection, maintenance and institutional coordination. This paper examined policy options for improving the use of emerging technologies for aviation security in Nigeria. The study adopted a qualitative research approach basedentirelyon documentary analysis. Relevant peer-reviewed journal articles, government publications, aviation security policies, legislation, regulatory frameworks, institutional reports and international aviation standards were purposively selected and subjected to systematic review, coding and thematic interpretation. The analysis focused on technology deployment, regulatory frameworks, financing and infrastructure, human capacity, cybersecurity and data governance, interoperability, maintenance, institutional coordination and performance monitoring. The study identified seven policy options: encouraging Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs); developing a comprehensive regulatory framework; improving investment in airport infrastructure; enhancing awareness and communication; establishing robust cybersecurity and data governance; promoting interoperability and integrated aviationsecurity systems; and establishing a national technology maintenance and lifecycle management programme. The analysis indicates that technology acquisition aloneisinsufficient for sustained improvements in aviation security without supportive regulatory, institutional, infrastructural and operational arrangements. Effective policy implementationcould strengthen technology utilisation, improve information exchange, protect sensitiveaviation data, support system reliability and enhance coordination among aviation security stakeholders. The paper recommends coordinated government and aviation-agency action to establish an enabling policy environment for secure, sustainable and integrated use of emerging technologies across Nigerian airports.

Keywords: Emerging technologies; aviation security; policy options; cybersecurity; datagovernance; interoperability.