Marketing Subsystems in Agriculture, Fisheries, and Forestry: A Systematic Literature Review

This literature review provides a comprehensive synthesis of the marketing subsystems in the Agriculture, Fisheries, and Forestry (AFF) sectors, emphasizing their vital contributions to national and global economic sustainability. Employing an integrative and systematic approach, the study draws from peer-reviewed articles, institutional reports, and policy papers published between 2016 and 2025, indexed in Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The findings reveal that efficient and inclusive marketing systems serve as critical linkages between production and consumption, determining value distribution, profitability, and sectoral competitiveness. In agriculture, cooperatives, supply chain coordination, and digital platforms facilitate market access for smallholders, yet infrastructure and financing gaps persist. Although fisheries marketing networks are socially embedded, they continue to experience gender inequities and post-harvest losses despite technological innovations such as blockchain and IoT-enabled logistics. In forestry, a dichotomy exists between capital-intensive timber trade and community-based non-timber forest product (NTFP) enterprises, with certification and governance shaping market equity and sustainability. The comparative analysis of these sectors underscores that digital transformation, cooperative empowerment, and policy integration are the key strategic levers for enhancing efficiency, inclusivity, and resilience. The study advocates for an integrated, technology-driven, and policy-supported marketing subsystem across the AFF sectors as a prerequisite for achieving food security, poverty alleviation, and sustainable economic growth aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).