Towards an Integrated Urban Energy Model: Linking Multi-Source Energy Consumption with Urban Variables in Gulf Cities

This paper proposes a theoretical framework and pilot application for a composite urban energy model that integrates multiple energy sources (electricity, fossil fuels, gas, renewables) with key urban variables (density, urban sprawl, income, building stock, transportation networks). While most studies in the literature have focused on single sources of energy or isolated urban sectors, this work argues for a holistic approach that captures the interdependencies within Gulf cities. The model combines concepts from urban metabolism, multi-vector energy systems, and decomposition methods such as STIRPAT and Kaya/LMDI. A case study application is outlined for a Gulf city, demonstrating the feasibility of applying the model even with limited datasets. The paper concludes with a discussion of potential policy implications and future research directions.

Keywords: Urban sustainability, Energy Consumption, Integrated Model, urban metabolism, multi-vector energy systems, STIRPAT Kaya/LMDI, Gulf Cities.