ECOWAS Security Nexus: Harnessing Intelligence for a Unified Front Against Terrorism, Insurgency, and Regional Criminality

The persistent threats of terrorism, insurgency, and transnational organized crime have significantly undermined peace, stability, and development across the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) region. Despite existing frameworks and collaborative efforts, the porous nature of national borders, fragmented intelligence operations, and inadequate institutional capacities continue to hamper regional security responses. This article explores the ECOWAS security nexus, focusing on the strategic importance of harnessing intelligence as a cornerstone for a unified front against these multifaceted threats. Through a critical analysis of current intelligence-sharing practices, regional cooperation mechanisms, and case studies of joint operations, the paper identifies both gaps and opportunities in the region’s security architecture. It argues that an integrated intelligence system — built on trust, interoperability, timely information dissemination, and coordinated political will — is vital for anticipating, disrupting, and neutralizing security threats. The article also highlights the need for member states to invest in human and technical intelligence capabilities, harmonize legal frameworks, and establish secure communication channels. Furthermore, it stresses the role of ECOWAS in institutionalizing a regional intelligence fusion center that aligns with international best practices while remaining contextually adaptive. By fostering synergy among national security agencies and leveraging collective resources, ECOWAS can transition from a reactive posture to a proactive and preventive security paradigm. Ultimately, this study underscores that sustainable peace and regional stability hinge on a unified, intelligence-led approach that bridges national divides and reinforces the collective resilience of the West African community.