Research on Wax Deposition Characteristics and Mitigation Strategies in Submarine Oil and Gas Multiphase Flow Pipelines

This paper investigates the characteristics of wax deposition in multiphase flow within submarine oil and gas pipelines and proposes corresponding mitigation and control strategies. It begins by outlining the definition and classification of multiphase flow, highlighting the specific characteristics and challenges faced by submarine pipelines, such as wax deposition and hydrate formation. Subsequently, the causes, influencing factors, properties, and structural characteristics of wax deposits are analyzed in depth. The impact of wax deposition on pipeline flow is discussed, including increased flow resistance, reduced throughput, and potential pipeline blockage. To address these challenges, the paper proposes mitigation strategies and technical methods, including preventive measures like optimized pipeline design, controlled oil-gas mixture ratios, and the addition of inhibitors, as well as removal techniques such as hot water flushing, solvent cleaning, and high-pressure air blowing. Furthermore, the importance of pipeline maintenance and monitoring is emphasized, recommending the adoption of intelligent monitoring systems for real-time wax deposition monitoring and early warning. Finally, the research findings and contributions are summarized, future research directions are outlined, suggesting further in-depth study of practical applications of wax deposition issues and exploration of novel mitigation technologies and methods to enhance the safety and stability of submarine oil and gas pipelines.