Integrating Traditional Institutions into Contemporary Conflict Resolution and Development Strategies in Northwest Nigeria

Despite years of state intervention, Northwest Nigeria continues to struggle with ongoing insecurity and underdevelopment. This article examines the role of traditional institutions—such as emirs, district heads, and religious leaders—in conflict resolution and local development within this unstable region. Drawing on qualitative data gathered from key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and document analyses across four states (Zamfara, Sokoto, Kebbi, and Katsina), the research assesses the effectiveness, limitations, and potential incorporation of traditional institutions within modern governance frameworks. The results indicate that traditional leaders maintain significant legitimacy, utilise culturally appropriate conflict resolution methods, and are essential in facilitating development initiatives. Nonetheless, their complete participation in peacebuilding and development planning is hindered by structural exclusion, policy neglect, and capacity deficiencies. The study recommends a hybrid governance model that blends formal institutions with traditional authority, ensuring local ownership and cultural alignment in Nigeria’s peace and development efforts.