Spatial Analysis of Urban Development in Birnin-Kebbi Metropolis, Kebbi State, Nigeria

Abstract:  This research was conducted to in order to determine the Spatial analysis of urban development in Birnin-Kebbi Metropolis, Kebbi State, Nigeria. Land use land cover was developed using MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) of 250 meters between 1990 and 2020 in ArcGIS environment. The MODIS Imagery was acquired using MODIS imagery for different years between 1990 and 2020. The processing was done using radiometric and atmospheric correction, geometric correction, and mosaic. The temporal Synchronization were done to ensure all images are in the same projection, resolution, and temporal frequency for accurate comparison and analysis. The study used supervised classification methods in ArcGIS to categorize land cover types. Consider creating training datasets based on spectral signatures for different land cover classes. The result shows land use classification in the study area for three decades between 1990- 2020, the land cover classifications were Bare soil, Built-up area, Cultivation, Flood plain, Grasses and Waterbody. In the year 1990, Urban area covers about 4.6km² (0.1%), in 2000 increased to 4.9km² (0.2%), in 2010 6.6km² (0.3%) and finally in 2020 urban area covers 20.5km² (1%) on the study area. Conclusively, the study area has undergone significant urbanization over the past three decades, with urban coverage increasing from a modest 0.1% in 1990 to a more substantial 1% in 2020. This transformation underscores the importance of strategic planning, sustainable development practices, and careful consideration of environmental impacts to ensure the well-being of both urban and natural landscapes.